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Aagaard, L K (2021) The meaning of convenience in smart home imaginaries: tech industry insights. Buildings and Cities, 2(01), 568–82.

Ahmed, V, Shaik, A and Aouad, G (2006) An ontology of construction education for e-learning via the semantic web. Architectural Engineering and Design Management, 2(01), 87–99.

Akan, G T, Arditi, D and Imre, M (1984) Priority ranking of highway improvement projects. Construction Management and Economics, 2(01), 49-55.

Akintoye, A and Fitzgerald, E (1995) Design and build: a survey of architects' views. Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management, 2(01), 27–44.

Allan, S, Jones, K and Walker, S (2006) Retrofitting e-learning to an existing distance learning course. Architectural Engineering and Design Management, 2(01), 137–47.

Alshawi, M and Faraj, I (2002) Integrated construction environments: technology and implementation. Construction Innovation, 2(01), 33–51.

Anderson, B and James, P (2021) Covid-19 lockdown: impacts on GB electricity demand and CO2 emissions. Buildings and Cities, 2(01), 134–49.

Angel, S, Lamson-Hall, P and Blanco, Z G (2021) Anatomy of density: measurable factors that constitute urban density. Buildings and Cities, 2(01), 264–82.

Awil, A and Aziz, A R A (2002) International markets: Malaysian construction contractors and the stage theory. Construction Economics and Building, 2(01), 94-106.

Baden-Hellard, R (1996) The partnering philosophy: a procurement strategy for satisfaction through a teamwork solution to project quality. Journal of Construction Procurement, 2(01), 41–55.

Baron, T (1984) Housing in the inner cities. Construction Management and Economics, 2(01), 13-24.

Berghauser Pont, M B, Haupt, P, Berg, P, Alstäde, V and Heyman, A (2021) Systematic review and comparison of densification effects and planning motivations. Buildings and Cities, 2(01), 378–401.

Bernie, J and Howes, R (1983) Project management control using real-time budgeting and forecasting models. Construction Papers, 2(01), 19–40.

Berrill, P and Hertwich, E G (2021) Correction: Material flows and GHG emissions from housing stock evolution in US counties, 2020–60. Buildings and Cities, 2(01), 797–9.

Berrill, P and Hertwich, E G (2021) Material flows and GHG emissions from housing stock evolution in US counties, 2020–60. Buildings and Cities, 2(01), 599–617.

Bougrain, F (2012) Energy performance and public private partnership. Built Environment Project and Asset Management, 2(01), 41-55.

Boyd, D (2006) Developing a knowledge centric approach to construction education. Architectural Engineering and Design Management, 2(01), 149–59.

Brambilla, A, Candido, C, Sangiorgio, M F, Gocer, O and Gocer, K (2021) Can commercial buildings cope with Australian bushfires? An IAQ analysis. Buildings and Cities, 2(01), 583–98.

Brocklehurst, F, Morgan, E, Greer, K, Wade, J and Killip, G (2021) Domestic retrofit supply chain initiatives and business innovations: an international review. Buildings and Cities, 2(01), 533–49.

Chapman, R and Howden-Chapman, P (2021) Does reframing urban policy around wellbeing support carbon mitigation?. Buildings and Cities, 2(01), 688–99.

Cheetham, D W, Kaka, A P and Humphreys, G (1997) Development and implementation of a system of financial planning and control for a medium sized building contractor. Journal of Financial Management of Property and Construction, 2(01), 5–34.

Chinyio, E and Morton, N (2006) The effectiveness of e-learning. Architectural Engineering and Design Management, 2(01), 73–86.

Deakin, M (1997) The development of computer-based information systems for local authority property management: the underlying issues. Journal of Financial Management of Property and Construction, 2(01), 59–82.

Deloly, C, Roue-le Gall, A, Moore, G, Bretelle, L, Milner, J, Mohajeri, N, Osrin, D, Salvia, G, Symonds, P, Tsoulou, I, Zimmermann, N, Wilkinson, P and Davies, M (2021) Relationship-building around a policy decision-support tool for urban health. Buildings and Cities, 2(01), 717–33.

Dester, W S and Blockley, D L (1995) Safety: behaviour and culture in construction. Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management, 2(01), 17–26.

Dowd, V G (1996) The effect of economic cycles on the development and use of alternative procurement systems in the UK construction industry during the period 1965-1995. Journal of Construction Procurement, 2(01), 11–29.

Dowdle, D L (2006) Engaging learners. Architectural Engineering and Design Management, 2(01), 31–48.

Drury, P, Watson, S and Lomas, K J (2021) Summertime overheating in UK homes: is there a safe haven?. Buildings and Cities, 2(01), 970–90.

El-Higzi, F (2002) Foreign market selection factors in the Australian construction services sector. Construction Economics and Building, 2(01), 107-120.

Emmanuel, R (2021) Urban microclimate in temperate climates: a summary for practitioners. Buildings and Cities, 2(01), 402–10.

Emmitt, S (2006) Investigating the synergy between teaching and research in a teaching-led university. Architectural Engineering and Design Management, 2(01), 61–72.

Fayazi, M (2011) Reconstruction projects by using core housing method in Iran: Case study: Gilan Province experience. International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment, 2(01), 74–85.

Ferguson, L, Taylor, J, Zhou, K, Shrubsole, C, Symonds, P, Davies, M and Dimitroulopoulou, S (2021) Systemic inequalities in indoor air pollution exposure in London, UK. Buildings and Cities, 2(01), 425–48.

Francis, V and Lingard, H (2002) The case for family-friendly work practices in the Australian construction industry. Construction Economics and Building, 2(01), 28-36.

Gerhardsson, K M and Laike, T (2021) Windows: a study of residents’ perceptions and uses in Sweden. Buildings and Cities, 2(01), 467–86.

Giddings, B and Rogerson, R (2021) Compacting the city centre: densification in two Newcastles. Buildings and Cities, 2(01), 185–202.

Godoy-Shimizu, D, Steadman, P and Evans, S (2021) Density and morphology: from the building scale to the city scale. Buildings and Cities, 2(01), 92–113.

González, F J and Gongal, A (2021) Unidirectional pedestrian circulation: physical distancing in informal settlements. Buildings and Cities, 2(01), 655–65.

Goodess, C, Berk, S, Ratna, S B, Brousse, O, Davies, M, Heaviside, C, Moore, G and Pineo, H (2021) Climate change projections for sustainable and healthy cities. Buildings and Cities, 2(01), 812–36.

Gori, V, Marincioni, V and Altamirano-Medina, H (2021) Retrofitting traditional buildings: a risk-management framework integrating energy and moisture. Buildings and Cities, 2(01), 411–24.

Gounden, S (1996) Reconstruction and development in South Africa: the construction industry and related procurement reform. Journal of Construction Procurement, 2(01), 3–10.

Graham, L T, Parkinson, T and Schiavon, S (2021) Lessons learned from 20 years of CBE’s occupant surveys. Buildings and Cities, 2(01), 166–84.

Gribble, S J, Scott, D, Mawdesley, M and Al-Jibouri, S (2006) Learning to be real engineers. Architectural Engineering and Design Management, 2(01), 101–14.

Griffith, A (1995) The current status of environmental management systems in construction. Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management, 2(01), 5–16.

Gunning, J G (1997) The costs and benefits of achieving business excellence in construction organisations. Journal of Financial Management of Property and Construction, 2(01), 45–58.

Guyer, R C and Laman, J A (2012) Short-line railroad management system for bridge prioritization. Built Environment Project and Asset Management, 2(01), 25-40.

Habisreutinger, P and Gunderson, D E (2006) Real estate reuse opportunities within the regenesis project area: a case study. International Journal of Construction Education and Research, 2(01), 53-63.

Hajji, A M and Lewis, P (2013) Development of productivity-based estimating tool for energy and air emissions from earthwork construction activities. Smart and Sustainable Built Environment, 2(01), 84-100.

Hirano, S, Kayumba, E, Grafweg, A and Kelman, I (2011) Developing Rwanda's schools infrastructure standards and guidelines. International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment, 2(01), 30–46.

Hoezen, M, Voordijk, H and Dewulf, G (2012) Contracting dynamics in the competitive dialogue procedure. Built Environment Project and Asset Management, 2(01), 6-24.

Hofman, P, Wade, F, Webb, J and Groenleer, M (2021) Retrofitting at scale: comparing transition experiments in Scotland and the Netherlands. Buildings and Cities, 2(01), 637–54.

Holley, P W (2006) Effectiveness of IT-based course material: a case study in publishing and using a digital textbook for construction surveying. International Journal of Construction Education and Research, 2(01), 29-41.

Hoxley, M and Rowsell, R (2006) Using video in the construction technology classroom. Architectural Engineering and Design Management, 2(01), 115–22.

Huebner, G M, Fell, M J and Watson, N E (2021) Improving energy research practices: guidance for transparency, reproducibility and quality. Buildings and Cities, 2(01), 1–20.

Huebner, G M, Watson, N E, Direk, K, McKenna, E, Webborn, E, Hollick, F, Elam, S and Oreszczyn, T (2021) Survey study on energy use in UK homes during Covid-19. Buildings and Cities, 2(01), 952–69.

Hyde, R (1995) Buildability as a design concept for architects: a case study of laboratory buildings. Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management, 2(01), 45–56.

Jain, N R, Rawal, R, Vardhan, V and Dey, S (2021) Performance metrics for room air-conditioners: energy, comfort and environmental impacts. Buildings and Cities, 2(01), 666–87.

Jefferies, M, Chen, S and Conway, J (2002) Assessment of professional competence in a construction management problem-based learning setting. Construction Economics and Building, 2(01), 47-56.

Jenkins, A W (1984) Social policy and construction wage formation: the Alberta experience. Construction Management and Economics, 2(01), 25-36.

Jeroen van der, H (2010) Privatisation of building code enforcement: a comparative study of regimes in Australia and Canada. International Journal of Law in the Built Environment, 2(01), 60–75.

João Branco, P, Frits, M and Henk, V (2010) Building control systems of European Union countries: a comparison of tasks and responsibilities. International Journal of Law in the Built Environment, 2(01), 45–59.

Joutsiniemi, A, Vaattovaara, M and Airaksinen, J, (2021) Empowered by planning law: unintended outcomes in the Helsinki region. Buildings and Cities, 2(01), 837–55.

Kamara, J M, Augenbroe, G, Anumba, C J and Carrillo, P M (2002) Knowledge management in the architecture, engineering and construction industry. Construction Innovation, 2(01), 53–67.

Kashiwagi, D T, Halmrast, C T and Tisthammer, T (1996) Intelligent procurement of construction systems. Journal of Construction Procurement, 2(01), 56–65.

Kayatekin, C S (2021) Architectural form: flexibility, subdivision and diversity in Manhattan loft buildings. Buildings and Cities, 2(01), 888–906.

Kipling, J, Newton, R and Ormerod, M (2011) Accessing emergency rest centres in the UK: lessons learnt. International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment, 2(01), 47–58.

Kometa, S T, Olomolaiye, P O and Harris, F C (1995) An evaluation of clients' needs and responsibilities in the construction process. Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management, 2(01), 57–76.

Korstanje, M E (2011) Swine flu in Buenos Aires: beyond the principle of resilience. International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment, 2(01), 59–73.

Kostourou, F (2021) Housing growth: impacts on density, space consumption and urban morphology. Buildings and Cities, 2(01), 55–78.

Krych, K, Heeren, N and Hertwich, E G (2021) Factors influencing the life-cycle GHG emissions of Brazilian office buildings. Buildings and Cities, 2(01), 856–73.

Kumaraswamy, M M, Miller, C J, Rahman, M M, Pickernell, D G, Ng, S T and Wong, I P Y (2006) Developing web-based tools for teaching, training, learning and development. Architectural Engineering and Design Management, 2(01), 123–35.

Lam, K C, Cheung, S O, Tang, C M and Ng, S T (2002) Capital budgeting evaluation practices of building contractors in Hong Kong. Construction Economics and Building, 2(01), 81-93.

Lewis, T M (1984) A review of the causes of recent problems in the construction industry of Trinidad and Tobago. Construction Management and Economics, 2(01), 37-48.

Li, X and Sunikka-Blank, M (2021) Urban densification and social capital: neighbourhood restructuring in Jinan, China. Buildings and Cities, 2(01), 244–63.

Licina, D, Wargocki, P, Pyke, C and Altomonte, S (2021) The future of IEQ in green building certifications. Buildings and Cities, 2(01), 907–27.

Liddiard, R, Godoy-Shimizu, D, Ruyssevelt, P, Steadman, P, Evans, S, Humphrey, D and Azhari, R (2021) Energy use intensities in London houses. Buildings and Cities, 2(01), 336–53.

Ling, F and Leong, E (2002) Performance of design-build projects in terms of cost, quality and time: views of clients, architects and contractors in Singapore. Construction Economics and Building, 2(01), 37-46.

Livingstone, N, Fiorentino, S and Short, M (2021) Planning for residential ‘value’? London’s densification policies and impacts. Buildings and Cities, 2(01), 203–19.

Lomas, K J (2021) Summertime overheating in dwellings in temperate climates. Buildings and Cities, 2(01), 487–94.

Loosemore, M and Chandra, V (2012) Learning through briefing: for strategic facilities management in the health sector. Built Environment Project and Asset Management, 2(01), 103-17.

Lowe, D J (2006) Supervised work experience. Architectural Engineering and Design Management, 2(01), 49–60.

Lowe, J G (1997) Insolvency in the UK construction industry. Journal of Financial Management of Property and Construction, 2(01), 83–112.

Lu, Y, Scott, A, Kim, J, Curi, C B, McCarty, J, Pardy, A, Rysanek, A, Kellett, R and Girling, C (2021) Integration of an energy–economy model with an urban energy model. Buildings and Cities, 2(01), 114–33.

Luke, B and Carolyn, G (2010) Perceptions of occupiers' liability risk by estate managers: a case study of memorial safety in English cemeteries. International Journal of Law in the Built Environment, 2(01), 76–93.

• Type: Journal Article
• Keywords: burial; disposal of the dead; England; occupier's liability; risk assessment; safety
• ISBN/ISSN:
• URL: https://doi.org/10.1108/17561451011036531
• Abstract:
  Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present a socio-legal case study, examining how the legal notion of “reasonable safety” provision has come to be constructed by municipal cemetery managers in relation to gravestones and other memorial structures over the last decade in England. Design/methodology/approach – The paper takes a social constructionist approach to the subject of the case study. It is based upon a literature review of relevant law, policy and guidance, and on the results of qualitative face-to-face, semi-structured interviews with a small sample of English municipal cemetery managers. Findings – The issue of memorial safety illustrates the tensions that can arise between safety and conflicting priorities, in this case sensitivity to the bereaved. The paper shows that the simple promulgation of guidance will not automatically lead to it being accepted by all as “good practice”. The interviews show how organizations and individual managers have sought to make sense of, and render workable, their legal obligations, by drawing upon, and at times ignoring or adapting, available guidance. Research limitations/implications – The interview study is based upon a small non-random sample, accessed via a single phase of enquiry in Spring 2008. The influence of fear of liability may manifest differently in other cemetery managers and/or change over time. In view of the novel, and powerful, “resisting-forces” in the case of cemeteries direct comparison with the risk perception of managers in other parts of the built environment may be difficult. Originality/value – Given the lack of existing research in the field of liability perception by landowners, the paper contributes to the analysis of the generic processes by which safety guidance is negotiated, and reconciled with competing drivers in the management of the built environment.

Luo, M, Zhang, H, Wang, Z, Arens, E, Chen, W, Bauman, F S and Raftery, P (2021) Ceiling-fan-integrated air-conditioning: thermal comfort evaluations. Buildings and Cities, 2(01), 928–51.

Mallaburn, P, Azhari, R, Fawcett, T and Topouzi, M (2021) Australian non-domestic buildings policy as an international exemplar. Buildings and Cities, 2(01), 318–35.

Manley, K and Marceau, J (2002) Integrated manufacturing-services businesses in the Australian building and construction sector. Construction Economics and Building, 2(01), 1-12.

Mansfield, J R (1997) Authorised property unit trusts: opportunities and threats. Journal of Financial Management of Property and Construction, 2(01), 35–44.

Marco, A D, Mangano, G and Zou, X-Y (2012) Factors influencing the equity share of build-operate-transfer projects. Built Environment Project and Asset Management, 2(01), 70-85.

Martino, N, Girling, C and Lu, Y (2021) Urban form and livability: socioeconomic and built environment indicators. Buildings and Cities, 2(01), 220–43.

McCarty, J, Scott, A and Rysanek, A (2021) Determining the retrofit viability of Vancouver’s single-detached homes: an expert elicitation. Buildings and Cities, 2(01), 354–77.

McConnell, C W, Gloeckner, G and Gilley, J (2006) Predictors of work injuries: a quantitative exploration of level of english proficiency as a predictor of work injuries in the construction industry. International Journal of Construction Education and Research, 2(01), 3-28.

McDonald, P (1984) Construction claims costing for owners and contractors. Construction Management and Economics, 2(01), 1-12.

Michael Charles, B and Thomas, U (2010) Follow-up empirical study of the performance of the New South Wales construction industry security of payment legislation. International Journal of Law in the Built Environment, 2(01), 7–25.

Miller, W and Buys, L (2013) Factors influencing sustainability outcomes of housing in subtropical Australia. Smart and Sustainable Built Environment, 2(01), 60-83.

Mirabella, N and Allacker, K (2021) Urban GHG accounting: discrepancies, constraints and opportunities. Buildings and Cities, 2(01), 21–35.

Miyamoto, H K, Gilani, A S J and Wada, A (2011) Damage mitigation for school buildings in seismically vulnerable regions. International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment, 2(01), 8–29.

Mohajeri, N, Walch, A, Gudmundsson, A, Heaviside, C, Askari, S, Wilkinson, P and Davies, M (2021) Covid-19 mobility restrictions: impacts on urban air quality and health. Buildings and Cities, 2(01), 759–78.

Morris, P W G (1983) Project management organization. Construction Papers, 2(01), 5–18.

Morrison, N (1984) The accuracy of quantity surveyor's cost estimating. Construction Management and Economics, 2(01), 57-75.

Ng, T, Luu, D and Chen, S (2002) Decision criteria and their subjectivity in construction procurement selection. Construction Economics and Building, 2(01), 70-80.

Nzekwe-Excel, C (2012) Satisfaction assessment in construction projects: a conceptual framework. Built Environment Project and Asset Management, 2(01), 86-102.

Pineo, H, Zhou, K, Niu, Y, Hale, J, Willan, C, Crane, M, Zimmermann, N, Michie, S, Liu, Q and Davies, M (2021) Evidence-informed urban health and sustainability governance in two Chinese cities. Buildings and Cities, 2(01), 550–67.

Ren, Z, Kwaw, P and Yang, F (2012) Ghana's public procurement reform and the continuous use of the traditional procurement system: The way forward. Built Environment Project and Asset Management, 2(01), 56-69.

Rinkinen, J, Shove, E and Smits, M (2021) Conceptualising urban density, energy demand and social practice. Buildings and Cities, 2(01), 79–91.

Schiller, G, Blum, A, Hecht, R, Oertel, H, Ferber, U and Meinel, G (2021) Urban infill development potential in Germany: comparing survey and GIS data. Buildings and Cities, 2(01), 36–54.

Scott, D (1984) Economic evaluation of minor roading projects. Construction Management and Economics, 2(01), 77-90.

Siew, R Y J, Balatbat, M C A and Carmichael, D G (2013) The relationship between sustainability practices and financial performance of construction companies. Smart and Sustainable Built Environment, 2(01), 6-27.

Simon, H, Peter, K M and John, P (2010) Anti-social behaviour law and policy in the United Kingdom: assessing the impact of enforcement action in the management of social housing. International Journal of Law in the Built Environment, 2(01), 26–44.

Simpson, K, Murtagh, N and Owen, A (2021) Domestic retrofit: understanding capabilities of micro-enterprise building practitioners. Buildings and Cities, 2(01), 449–66.

Slagstad, H and Brattebø, H (2013) Use of LCA to evaluate solutions for water and waste infrastructure in the early planning phase of carbon-neutral urban settlements. Smart and Sustainable Built Environment, 2(01), 28-42.

Smallwood, J and Venter, D (2002) The influence of project managers on construction health and safety in South Africa. Construction Economics and Building, 2(01), 57-69.

Smith, A and Wilkins, B (1996) Team relationships and related critical factors in the successful procurement of health care facilities. Journal of Construction Procurement, 2(01), 30–40.

Soetanto, R and Proverbs, D (2002) Modelling client satisfaction levels: the impact of contractor performance. Construction Economics and Building, 2(01), 13-27.

Taylor, J and Howden-Chapman, P (2021) The significance of urban systems on sustainability and public health. Buildings and Cities, 2(01), 874–87.

Teller, J (2021) Regulating urban densification: what factors should be used?. Buildings and Cities, 2(01), 302–17.

Teller, J (2021) Urban density and Covid-19: towards an adaptive approach. Buildings and Cities, 2(01), 150–65.

Thomsen, J, Berker, T, Hauge, Å L, Denizou, K, Wågø, S and Jerkø, S (2013) The interaction between building and users in passive and zero-energy housing and offices: The role of interfaces, knowledge and user commitment. Smart and Sustainable Built Environment, 2(01), 43-59.

Tingey, M, Webb, J and van der Horst, D (2021) Housing retrofit: six types of local authority energy service models. Buildings and Cities, 2(01), 518–32.

Tucker, R and Rollo, J (2006) Teaching and learning in collaborative group design projects. Architectural Engineering and Design Management, 2(01), 19–30.

Turcu, C, Crane, M, Hutchinson, E, Lloyd, S, Belesova, K, Wilkinson, P and Davies, M (2021) A multi-scalar perspective on health and urban housing: an umbrella review. Buildings and Cities, 2(01), 734–58.

Urme, S A, Radia, M A, Alam, R, Chowdhury, M U, Hasan, S, Ahmed, S, Sara, H H, Islam, M S, Jerin, D T, Hema, P S, Rahman, M, Islam, A M, Hasan, M T and Quayyum, Z (2021) Dhaka landfill waste practices: addressing urban pollution and health hazards. Buildings and Cities, 2(01), 700–16.

van der Bent, H S, Visscher, H J, Meijer, A and Mouter, N (2021) Monitoring energy performance improvement: insights from Dutch housing association dwellings. Buildings and Cities, 2(01), 779–96.

Wade, F and Visscher, H (2021) Retrofit at scale: accelerating capabilities for domestic building stocks. Buildings and Cities, 2(01), 800–11.

Walker, D H T (2002) Enthusiasm, commitment and project alliancing: an Australian experience. Construction Innovation, 2(01), 15–31.

Walter, T and Mathew, P (2021) GHG policy impacts for Seattle’s buildings: targets, timing, and scope. Buildings and Cities, 2(01), 283–301.

White, N J (2006) Destruction of the contract through material changes. International Journal of Construction Education and Research, 2(01), 43-51.

Whyte, J and Bouchlaghem, D (2002) Implementation of VR systems: a comparison between the early adoption of CAD and current uptake of VR. Construction Innovation, 2(01), 3–13.

Wise, F, Moncaster, A and Jones, D (2021) Rethinking retrofit of residential heritage buildings. Buildings and Cities, 2(01), 495–517.

Wood, A (2006) Demystifying construction. Architectural Engineering and Design Management, 2(01), 5–18.

Yang, Y, Li, Y, Kral, K, Hupert, N and Dogan, T (2021) Urban design attributes and resilience: COVID-19 evidence from New York City. Buildings and Cities, 2(01), 618–36.